What Is an IP Rating? Guide to Waterproof Electrical Enclosures for Food Machinery

September 17, 2025

In the UK food industry, hygiene and equipment reliability are inseparable. Whether in bakeries, dairies, beverage bottling plants, or ready-meal production facilities, machinery is subject to daily washdowns with high-pressure water, steam, and chemical cleaning agents.

The most vulnerable part of any production line is often the electrical enclosure — housing sensors, control panels, PLCs, or wiring junctions. If moisture or particles enter these enclosures, it can cause equipment failure, safety hazards, or contamination risks.

This is why IP ratings (Ingress Protection ratings) are critical. They provide a standardised measure of how well an enclosure prevents the ingress of solids (dust, flour, sugar, powders) and liquids (water, steam, cleaning chemicals).

For OEMs, system integrators, and Tier 1 suppliers in the UK, choosing the right IP-rated enclosure is essential for food safety compliance, equipment longevity, and customer trust.

The IP rating system is defined under IEC 60529 and adopted throughout the UK, EU, and globally.

An IP rating consists of two digits:

  • First digit (0–6) → Protection against solids (dust, dirt, foreign objects).
  • Second digit (0–9K) → Protection against liquids (sprays, jets, immersion, high-pressure washdown).

Example: IP67

  • “6” = Dust-tight (complete protection against solids).
  • “7” = Protection against immersion in water up to 1 metre for 30 minutes.

Quick Breakdown of First Digit (Solids):

  • 0 – No protection
  • 4 – Protection against objects >1 mm (e.g. wires)
  • 6 – Dust-tight (full protection against dust ingress)

Quick Breakdown of Second Digit (Liquids):

  • 0 – No protection
  • 5 – Water jets from any direction
  • 6 – Powerful water jets / high seas
  • 7 – Temporary immersion
  • 8 – Continuous immersion
  • 9K – High-pressure, high-temperature washdowns

Why IP Ratings Are Crucial for Food Machinery

1. Hygiene Compliance

UK manufacturers must meet BRCGS Food Safety Standards, FSA regulations, and in some cases EHEDG guidelines. IP-rated enclosures prevent water ingress that could harbour bacteria or compromise food safety.

2. Protection Against Harsh Cleaning

Factories use caustic foams, high-pressure sprays, and hot water. Without IP66–IP69K enclosures, electrical components will quickly degrade.

3. Avoiding Costly Downtime

If a control box fails during production, it can halt an entire line. Correct IP ratings reduce unexpected breakdowns.

4. Longevity in Harsh Environments

From flour dust in bakeries to humidity in dairies, enclosures face tough conditions. IP-rated designs ensure consistent, reliable performance.

5. Building Buyer Trust

Recent Deloitte research shows B2B buyers are 2.7× more likely to commit long-term to suppliers who demonstrate reliability and transparency, including through robust, compliant component choices like IP-rated enclosures.

Common IP Ratings in Food Machinery (Comparison Table)

Ingress Protection (IP) ratings and typical food-industry applications
IP Rating Solids Protection Water Protection Food Industry Application
IP54 Limited dust ingress Splash-resistant Control boxes in dry zones (packing areas)
IP65 Dust-tight Low-pressure water jets Conveyor belt enclosures in non-washdown zones
IP66 Dust-tight High-pressure water jets Machinery near washdown zones
IP67 Dust-tight Temporary immersion Seafood processing equipment exposed to saltwater
IP69K Dust-tight High-pressure, high-temperature washdown Meat, poultry, and seafood machinery in hygiene-critical areas

Industry note: IP69K is rapidly becoming the standard requirement in hygiene-critical food zones across the UK.

Choosing the Right IP Rating for Your Machinery

When specifying an enclosure:

  1. Assess the Hygiene Zone

    • Dry zone → IP54 or IP65
    • Wet/splash zone → IP66
    • Washdown/high-pressure zone → IP67–IP69K

  2. Consider the Cleaning Method

    • Hose cleaning → IP65
    • Pressure jets → IP66
    • Caustic foam + steam → IP69K

  3. Select Correct Materials

    • Stainless Steel 304: General food use
    • Stainless Steel 316: Superior resistance for high-moisture and chemical zones

  4. Ensure Compliance

    • Must meet UKCA/CE marking
    • Align with BRCGS, HACCP, EHEDG recommendations

Supporting UK OEMs with IP-Rated Solutions

At Wootz.work, we specialise in helping UK OEMs and Tier 1 suppliers manufacture precision stainless steel enclosures and components built to the correct IP standards.

Our Capabilities:

  • Fabrication of IP-rated stainless steel control panels, junction boxes, and housings
  • CNC machining, laser cutting, and TIG welding for hygienic, sealed designs
  • Rapid prototyping to validate new food machinery concepts
  • Support with UKCA and CE compliance documentation

By working with Wootz.work, manufacturers ensure their machinery meets hygiene standards, performs reliably under washdowns, and builds trust with food processors and retailers.

Testing and Certification of IP-Rated Enclosures

Specifying an IP rating is one thing, but proving compliance is another. UK manufacturers and OEMs must ensure that IP-rated enclosures have been tested and certified according to recognised standards.

How IP Testing Works

  • Dust tests: Fine powders (similar to flour or sugar dust) are blown into the enclosure under vacuum conditions to test dust ingress.

  • Water tests:

    • IPX5/IPX6: Water jets sprayed from all angles.
    • IPX7: Submersion in water for 30 minutes.
    • IPX9K: High-pressure, high-temperature sprays (up to 80°C, 80–100 bar).

Certification Bodies

In the UK and EU, compliance may be validated by:

  • BSI (British Standards Institution) – accredited testing for IEC 60529
  • TÜV SÜD and UL – independent certification for global markets
  • CE/UKCA marking – required for equipment placed on the UK/EU market

Why Testing Matters

Unverified IP claims can lead to equipment failures, warranty disputes, and non-compliance in food audits. For OEMs supplying supermarkets or global food brands, documentation proving IP certification is often a mandatory requirement.

At Wootz.work, we help OEMs build enclosures that meet the right IP standard and provide the technical documentation needed for compliance audits and buyer confidence.

In UK food manufacturing, specifying the right IP-rated enclosure is essential for compliance, hygiene, and operational reliability.

  • IP65/IP66 → Standard protection for many food production lines
  • IP67 → Necessary for wet environments
  • IP69K → Industry benchmark for high-pressure, high-temperature cleaning zones

Choosing correctly means longer equipment life, fewer failures, and stronger trust in the supply chain.

Wootz.work helps UK OEMs manufacture stainless steel IP-rated enclosures designed to thrive in food industry environments.

FAQs 

Q1. What does IP69K mean in food machinery?
IP69K is the highest level of ingress protection, designed for high-pressure, high-temperature washdowns. It is commonly required for meat, dairy, bakery, and ready-meal processing equipment in the UK.

Q2. Is IP67 enough for food industry applications?
IP67 provides excellent protection against dust and temporary water immersion, making it suitable for many wet zones. However, in hygiene-critical environments with daily pressure washing, IP69K is usually recommended.

Q3. What materials are best for IP-rated enclosures in food processing?
The UK food industry standard is stainless steel 304 for general use and stainless steel 316 for harsher environments (e.g., dairy, meat, or areas with aggressive cleaning chemicals).

Q4. Are IP ratings legally required in the UK?
IP ratings themselves are not a legal requirement, but compliance with food safety standards (e.g., BRCGS, HACCP, and FSA guidelines) often necessitates IP-rated enclosures to ensure machinery can withstand cleaning regimes.

Q5. How does Wootz.work help OEMs with IP-rated enclosures?
We design, fabricate, and prototype stainless steel housings, junction boxes, and control panels that meet IP standards. Our CNC, laser-cutting, and TIG-welding processes ensure enclosures are fully sealed, hygienic, and compliant with UKCA/CE documentation.

Sources:
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